In IPA, which transcription convention uses brackets to denote surface forms?

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Multiple Choice

In IPA, which transcription convention uses brackets to denote surface forms?

Explanation:
Surface forms are captured with brackets in IPA, reflecting the actual articulation heard in speech. This is phonetic transcription, which focuses on the precise sounds as produced, including fine-grained details and allophonic variation. Slashes are used for phonemic transcription, which abstracts away from those details to show only the contrastive units of the language. The bracketed, detailed representation is exactly what you use when depicting how a speaker actually realizes a word, not just its underlying phonemic skeleton. So using brackets to denote surface forms aligns with phonetic transcription.

Surface forms are captured with brackets in IPA, reflecting the actual articulation heard in speech. This is phonetic transcription, which focuses on the precise sounds as produced, including fine-grained details and allophonic variation. Slashes are used for phonemic transcription, which abstracts away from those details to show only the contrastive units of the language. The bracketed, detailed representation is exactly what you use when depicting how a speaker actually realizes a word, not just its underlying phonemic skeleton. So using brackets to denote surface forms aligns with phonetic transcription.

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